I have just read the book. And it is a rather surprisingly pessimistic –and surprisingly (to my mind) reactionary– assessment of the state of politics and society in Europe. In particular, Todd apparently emphasizes the socially stabilizing value of religion and calls for protectionist trade barriers.
Democracy is on the road to ruin. Religious values (Christianity, Communism …) have collapsed. Free-marketism and its corollary, globalization, are slowly destroying society. And to make matters worse, the French have elected as their leader a president who is “incapable of exercising power”. A man who, once in power, immediately aligned himself with the United States, like “a rat rushing to scurry onto a sinking ship”.
That, in a few words, is the thesis of this fulgent, fulsome, and flat-footed book, as Emmanuel Todd was caught flat-footed by the financial crisis that would “re-presidentialize” Nicolas Sarkozy. Nor did he predict that the “Bushist America” he curses would elect Barack Obama.
At once independent-minded and upset (emporté), Emmanuel Todd is not any more lenient towards the Socialists. He accuses the Socialist Party (PS) of having betrayed the values of the left by converting to capitalism. In Ségolène Royal’s popularity he discerns signs of “rot [décomposition]” in the body politic. And he blames “cynical careerism” for the promotion of the Socialist Pascal Lamy to the head of the World Trade Organization as well as that of Dominique Strauss-Kahn as director of the International Monetary Fund.
This is a point to which he comes back often: the Socialist elites are of the same ilk as Nicolas Sarkozy. Historian, demographer and sociologist, he sees in their patent complicity the explanation for the ideological void that France has sunk into. With “a rise in the power of antidemocratic forces” as the consequence.
The exploration of this ideological void is at the heart of his exposition. The crumbling away of the great religious faiths, explains Emmanuel Todd, aggravates the decline of politics. But this decline is also due to a rise in the level of knowledge — a disturbing statement for those who believe that education automatically improves democracy. That was true yesterday. But times change. The increasing number of graduates with higher levels of education, notes Emmanuel Todd, has reshuffled the deck by creating a category of individuals impervious “to the strong affiliations that used to structure the nation, the public, the social domain”.
Add to this gloomy picture the temptation to fill the religious and ideological void he denounces with calls to reclaim identity: the castigation of Islam, the creation of a ministry of national identity, the “ethnicization” of a national myth… One begins to understand why this book is titled After Democracy.
Which democracy is supposedly at risk of disappearing. Emmanuel Todd does not rule out a “coup d’Etat”, the temptation to which he perceives in Henri Guaino, Nicolas Sarkozy’s special counsel. Similarly, he suspects the Socialists of wanting to “withdraw the right to vote from the people, or to at least to seriously limit its practice”.
At times one wonders if he is joking, but he is not the type. Emmanuel Todd is convinced that the free market and globalization, considered by France’s elite to be a foregone conclusion, have disintegrated French democracy.
The solution flows from the source: abandon globalization and institute a salvational protectionism at the borders of Europe. Thanks to such a reasoned protectionism, French wages, pulled down to the bottom by Chinese workers, will rise again. National cohesion will come out of it re-strengthened. And democracy —at last! — will find its colors again.
Sprinkled with cutting judgments, this exposition often vacillates between essay and satirical tract, in the process losing its force. Above all, Emmanuel Todd is too presumptuous. If the solutions that he argues for were the panacea, we would follow them without hesitation. Unfortunately…
Related Posts: Guru of protectionism Emmanuel Todd urge us to protect and survive.
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Nunca he visto una verdadera huelga general en Francia. Sí en cambio movimientos corporatistas periódicos, que en otros países nos daría vergüenza considerar como huelgas. Como es sabido, Francia tiene la tasa de sindicalización más baja de Europa. Sin embargo, paradójicamente, en ese país nada se mueve sin el beneplácito de los sindicatos (un estado de facto dentro del Estado). Y cuando todo está bloqueado a pesar de todas las movilizaciones, el gobierno de turno, ya sea de derechas o de izquierdas, acostumbra a imponer su voluntad a base de votaciones ‘mordaza’, es decir sin posibilidad de discusión (art. 49.3 de la constitución), cuando no de madrugada en un parlamento vacío (o de decretos ratificados con nocturnidad y alevosía). Un leit motif de tipo autoritario que es coherente con el estilo de poder bonapartista imperante en la Vª república gala. Pero esto es harina de otro costal.En cambio sí he conocido 4 huelgas generales en España (estas sí verdaderas): nada se movía. Y se las hicieron tanto a F.González (3) como a J.M.Aznar (1).
Hay quien piensa que la crisis actual va a llevar a los estados, sobre todo europeos, a encerrarse en sí mismos para proteger sus intereses nacionales, su empleo e
Séraphine is a visionary artist. She paints, with anything she can find – wine, mud, a mixture of fruits and flower, and transform it into colours and pigment. But as Séraphine paints her most inspired canvas, the power of her work leads her into the realms of madness.
(perfect music for shimmies, if you ask me) and from the sounds of many other places. Most tracks are fairly quick, so it’s not a relaxing kind of album. Sometimes I don’t like African percussion as I find it too jazzy and self absorbed, but this is not the case with this record. As it’s very hard to describe the joyous music here, let me just say it’s on the same wavelength as Gabrielle Roth’s “Bones”, Dead can Dance “Yulunga” or Hossam Ramzy “Sabla Tolo”, but also very unique and distinctibly African flavoured at its core. An absolute must.
ight. Each of the track focuses in the energies of one animal, so if you are into shamanic travel, this record makes will help you. But it is also just as good as background music when you need to relax or as a warmup for some other kinds of dancing (like belly dance). The melodies are based on drum rythms, along with some subtle synthethiser that never gives the music that much hated “cheap New Age” feeling. A good release.